10.4

Subject-Verb Agreement

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Overview

Subject-Verb Agreement
When the subject is plural, the verb must also be plural. The verb changes to match the subject in number AND gender.

READING GOAL:
To recognize how verbs change their form to agree with singular/plural and masculine/feminine subjects.

The Rule

English: Verb changes slightly (walk โ†’ walks)

Judean: Verb ending changes completely based on:

  • Number: Singular or Plural
  • Gender: Masculine or Feminine

Agreement Pattern

Subject Verb Form
Singular noun Singular verb (3ms/3fs)
Plural noun Plural verb (3mp/3fp)

Examples - Perfect (Past)

EXAMPLE 1 - Singular
the dog walked
ื”ื›ืœื‘ ยท ื”ืœืš
walked (singular) ื”ืœืš ยท the-dog (singular) ื”ื›ืœื‘
EXAMPLE 2 - Plural
the dogs walked
ื”ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ยท ื”ืœื›ื•
walked (plural) ื”ืœื›ื• ยท the-dogs (plural) ื”ื›ืœื‘ื™ื
EXAMPLE 3 - Feminine Singular
the woman walked
ื”ืืฉื” ยท ื”ืœื›ื”
walked (f.sg) ื”ืœื›ื” ยท the-woman (f.sg) ื”ืืฉื”
EXAMPLE 4 - Feminine Plural
the women walked
ื”ื ืฉื™ื ยท ื”ืœื›ื•
walked (f.pl) ื”ืœื›ื• ยท the-women (f.pl) ื”ื ืฉื™ื

Examples - Imperfect (Present/Future)

EXAMPLE 5 - Singular
the dog walks
ื™ื”ืœืš ยท ื”ื›ืœื‘
the-dog ื”ื›ืœื‘ ยท walks (singular) ื™ื”ืœืš
EXAMPLE 6 - Plural
the dogs walk
ื™ื”ืœื›ื• ยท ื”ื›ืœื‘ื™ื
the-dogs ื”ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ยท walk (plural) ื™ื”ืœื›ื•

Multiple Named Subjects

When multiple names are the subject, use plural verb:

EXAMPLE 7
Sarah and David walked
ืฉืจื” ยท ื•ื“ื•ื“ ยท ื”ืœื›ื•
walked (plural) ื”ืœื›ื• ยท and-David ื•ื“ื•ื“ ยท Sarah ืฉืจื”

Key Points

  • Singular subject = singular verb
  • Plural subject = plural verb
  • Verb must also match gender (masculine/feminine)
  • Multiple subjects = plural verb
  • This applies to both Perfect and Imperfect verbs
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*Rule discovered and documented through direct textual analysis by Itharey Daughter of the Diaspora and it is implemented into the Judean Translator.

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