10.3

Perfect Verb

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Overview

Perfect Verb (Completed Action)
The Perfect tense describes action that is complete - past actions.

Judean: SUFFIX attached to verb root. The subject is built into the suffix.

READING GOAL:
To recognize perfect verb suffixes and understand that the subject is contained within the verb.

The Rule

English: Subject + Verb as separate words (I walked, he ate)

Judean: Verb Root + Suffix = one word containing both subject and action

The suffix tells you WHO did the action.

Perfect Suffixes

Person English Suffix
1cs I ืชื™
2ms you (m) ืช
2fs you (f) ืช
3ms he (none)
3fs she ื”
1cp we ื ื•
3mp they (m) ื•
3fp they (f) ื•

Examples

EXAMPLE 1
I walked
ื”ืœื›ืชื™
I ืชื™ ยท walked ื”ืœืš
EXAMPLE 2
he walked
ื”ืœืš
he (no suffix) ยท walked ื”ืœืš
EXAMPLE 3
she walked
ื”ืœื›ื”
she ื” ยท walked ื”ืœืš
EXAMPLE 4
we walked
ื”ืœื›ื ื•
we ื ื• ยท walked ื”ืœืš
EXAMPLE 5
they walked
ื”ืœื›ื•
they ื• ยท walked ื”ืœืš
EXAMPLE 6
they spoke
ื“ื‘ืจื•
they ื• ยท spoke ื“ื‘ืจ

Key Points

  • Perfect = past/completed action
  • SUFFIX attached to verb root
  • Subject is built into the suffix
  • 3ms (he) has NO visible suffix - just the verb root
  • One word contains both subject and verb
  • Detection triggers: -ed ending, irregular past forms (went, gave, saw)
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Practice This Rule

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*Rule discovered and documented through direct textual analysis by Itharey Daughter of the Diaspora and it is implemented into the Judean Translator.