9.1

Relative Clause - Who/Which/That

๐ŸŽง

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Overview

English: Uses relative pronouns "who/which/that" + verb
"the sons who went"

Judean: Uses ื” + verb (participle form) with number agreement
ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ยท ื”ื‘ืื™ื

KEY DISCOVERY: The descriptive ื” turns the verb into "THE [verb]ing ones" = "who [verb]"

READING GOAL:
To recognize when ื” + verb describes a noun (relative clause).

The Rule

English Pattern:

NOUN + who/which/that + VERB

the sons who went

Judean Pattern:

ื” + NOUN + ื” + VERB (with number agreement)

ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ยท ื”ื‘ืื™ื

THE sons ยท THE going-ones = "the sons who went"

How It Works

Remember from earlier lessons: ื” is the DESCRIPTIVE MARKER.

ื” + Word Result Example
ื” + noun THE noun ื”ืžืœืš = the king
ื” + verb THE [verb]ing one = WHO [verb]ed ื”ื‘ื = the going one = who went

Same ื”, same function! It makes things DESCRIPTIVE.

Number Agreement

The verb must MATCH the noun in number and gender!

Noun Type Verb Ending Example
Masculine Singular (base form) ื”ื‘ืŸ ยท ื”ื‘ื
Feminine Singular ืช / ื” ื”ื‘ืช ยท ื”ื‘ืื”
Masculine Plural ื™ื ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ยท ื”ื‘ืื™ื
Feminine Plural ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ยท ื”ื‘ืื•ืช

Examples

EXAMPLE 1 - THE SONS WHO WENT
the sons who went
ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ยท ื”ื‘ืื™ื
ื”ื‘ื ื™ื = the sons ยท ื”ื‘ืื™ื = the going-ones (masc. pl.)
EXAMPLE 2 - THE DAUGHTER WHO WENT
the daughter who went
ื”ื‘ืช ยท ื”ื‘ืื”
ื”ื‘ืช = the daughter ยท ื”ื‘ืื” = the going-one (fem. sg.)
EXAMPLE 3 - THE MAN WHO SITS
the man who sits
ื”ืื™ืฉ ยท ื”ื™ืฉื‘
ื”ืื™ืฉ = the man ยท ื”ื™ืฉื‘ = the sitting-one (masc. sg.)
EXAMPLE 4 - THE WOMEN WHO SPEAK
the women who speak
ื”ื ืฉื™ื ยท ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจื•ืช
ื”ื ืฉื™ื = the women ยท ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจื•ืช = the speaking-ones (fem. pl.)
EXAMPLE 5 - THE KING WHO REIGNS
the king who reigns
ื”ืžืœืš ยท ื”ืžืœืš
ื”ืžืœืš = the king ยท ื”ืžืœืš = the reigning-one (from root ืžืœืš)

English vs Judean Comparison

English Judean Literal
the son who went ื”ื‘ืŸ ยท ื”ื‘ื the son the going-one
the sons who went ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ยท ื”ื‘ืื™ื the sons the going-ones
the woman who speaks ื”ืืฉื” ยท ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจืช the woman the speaking-one

Key Points

  • "who/which/that + verb" becomes ื” + verb (participle)
  • ื” + verb = "THE [verb]ing one" = "who [verb]ed"
  • Verb must match the noun in number and gender
  • Both noun AND verb get the ื” prefix
  • Same ื” that makes nouns definite also makes verbs descriptive!
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*Rule discovered and documented through direct textual analysis by Itharey Daughter of the Diaspora and it is implemented into the Judean Translator.